The Hundred Years War and the Bubonic Plague ~ 05.28.2020
Chapter 14 Section 4:
Reading Guide:
Factor 1 - The Great Schism:
1. When and how did the Great Schism begin?
French King Phillip IV moved Pope to Avignon= weaken the church, later moved back to Rome= 2 Popes.
2. When and how was the Great Schism resolved?
Council of Constance: forces both popes to resign. New Pope= Martin V
3. How did the Great Schism affect medieval life?
People question the pope's power, Hus and Wycliff point out corruption and luxury of popes, moving away from reliance on church
Factor 2: The Bubonic Plague:
4. Where did the plague begin and how did it spread?
Fleas on rats on ships from Asia to Italy ports; spread along trade routes
5. What were some economic effects of the plague?
town populations fell; not safe to travel= trade declines, prices rise, fewer workers, feudalism crumbles
6. How did the plague affect the Church?
lost prestige and credibility when prayers and penance did not stop the plague; clergy charge money for last rites( greed= lost credibility)
Factor 3: The Hundred Years’ War:
7. What was the primary reason for the war?
England claimed successor to France when the king doesn't have an heir
8. What was the outcome of the war?
French drove English out
9. How did the war affect medieval society?
End of chivalry and knights (long how); the beginning of nationalism
Terms and names:
Avignon - Avignon, a city in southeastern France’s Provence region
Great Schism - The East-West Schism is the break of communion since the 11th century between the Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Churches.
John Wycliffe - John Wycliffe was an English scholastic philosopher, theologian, biblical translator, reformer, priest, and a seminary professor at the University of Oxford. He became an influential dissident within the Roman Catholic priesthood during the 14th century and is considered an important predecessor to Protestantism
Jan Hus - Jan Hus, sometimes anglicized as John Hus or John Huss, and referred to in historical texts as Iohannes Hus or Johannes Huss, was a Czech theologian and philosopher who became a church reformer and an inspirer of Hussitism, a key predecessor to Protestantism and a seminal figure in the Bohemian Reformation.
bubonic plague - Bubonic plague is one of the three types of plague caused by bacterium Yersinia pestis. One to seven days after exposure to the bacteria, flu-like symptoms develop. These symptoms include fever, headaches, and vomiting. Swollen and painful lymph nodes occur in the area closest to where the bacteria entered the skin.
Hundred Years’ War - The Hundred Years' War was a series of conflicts in Europe from 1337 to 1453, waged between the House of Plantagenet, rulers of England, and the French House of Valois, over the right to rule the Kingdom of France. Each side drew many allies into the war.
Joan of Arc - Joan of Arc, nicknamed "The Maid of Orléans", is considered a heroine of France for her role during the Lancastrian phase of the Hundred Years' War, and was canonized as a Roman Catholic saint. She was born to Jacques d'Arc and Isabelle Romée, a peasant family, at Domrémy in northeast France
Using Your Notes:
2. Which event from the readings had the biggest economic impact on the development of Europe? Explain.
The bubonic plague. This was because it had such a large impact on crops and people. There were hundreds and hundreds of death due to the plague and at the time there were no medications and or vaccination to be able to treat the disease. It was also very dangerous because it affected more than just people. It affected basic agriculture, crops, and animals.
Main Ideas:
3. What was the Great Schism?
The East-West Schism is the break of communion since the 11th century between the Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Churches. The schism was the culmination of theological and political differences that had developed during the preceding centuries between Eastern and Western Christianity. It affected communication between trade and the economy.
4. What were the three effects of the bubonic plague?
Death, Loss of crops and agriculture, loss of animals, and food for humans and animals.
5. What impact did Joan of Arc have on the Hundred Years’ War?
led to the French victory over Orleans and led to Charles being crowned king.
Reading Guide:
Factor 1 - The Great Schism:
1. When and how did the Great Schism begin?
French King Phillip IV moved Pope to Avignon= weaken the church, later moved back to Rome= 2 Popes.
2. When and how was the Great Schism resolved?
Council of Constance: forces both popes to resign. New Pope= Martin V
3. How did the Great Schism affect medieval life?
People question the pope's power, Hus and Wycliff point out corruption and luxury of popes, moving away from reliance on church
Factor 2: The Bubonic Plague:
4. Where did the plague begin and how did it spread?
Fleas on rats on ships from Asia to Italy ports; spread along trade routes
5. What were some economic effects of the plague?
town populations fell; not safe to travel= trade declines, prices rise, fewer workers, feudalism crumbles
6. How did the plague affect the Church?
lost prestige and credibility when prayers and penance did not stop the plague; clergy charge money for last rites( greed= lost credibility)
Factor 3: The Hundred Years’ War:
7. What was the primary reason for the war?
England claimed successor to France when the king doesn't have an heir
8. What was the outcome of the war?
French drove English out
9. How did the war affect medieval society?
End of chivalry and knights (long how); the beginning of nationalism
Terms and names:
Avignon - Avignon, a city in southeastern France’s Provence region
Great Schism - The East-West Schism is the break of communion since the 11th century between the Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Churches.
John Wycliffe - John Wycliffe was an English scholastic philosopher, theologian, biblical translator, reformer, priest, and a seminary professor at the University of Oxford. He became an influential dissident within the Roman Catholic priesthood during the 14th century and is considered an important predecessor to Protestantism
Jan Hus - Jan Hus, sometimes anglicized as John Hus or John Huss, and referred to in historical texts as Iohannes Hus or Johannes Huss, was a Czech theologian and philosopher who became a church reformer and an inspirer of Hussitism, a key predecessor to Protestantism and a seminal figure in the Bohemian Reformation.
bubonic plague - Bubonic plague is one of the three types of plague caused by bacterium Yersinia pestis. One to seven days after exposure to the bacteria, flu-like symptoms develop. These symptoms include fever, headaches, and vomiting. Swollen and painful lymph nodes occur in the area closest to where the bacteria entered the skin.
Hundred Years’ War - The Hundred Years' War was a series of conflicts in Europe from 1337 to 1453, waged between the House of Plantagenet, rulers of England, and the French House of Valois, over the right to rule the Kingdom of France. Each side drew many allies into the war.
Joan of Arc - Joan of Arc, nicknamed "The Maid of Orléans", is considered a heroine of France for her role during the Lancastrian phase of the Hundred Years' War, and was canonized as a Roman Catholic saint. She was born to Jacques d'Arc and Isabelle Romée, a peasant family, at Domrémy in northeast France
Using Your Notes:
2. Which event from the readings had the biggest economic impact on the development of Europe? Explain.
The bubonic plague. This was because it had such a large impact on crops and people. There were hundreds and hundreds of death due to the plague and at the time there were no medications and or vaccination to be able to treat the disease. It was also very dangerous because it affected more than just people. It affected basic agriculture, crops, and animals.
Main Ideas:
3. What was the Great Schism?
The East-West Schism is the break of communion since the 11th century between the Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Churches. The schism was the culmination of theological and political differences that had developed during the preceding centuries between Eastern and Western Christianity. It affected communication between trade and the economy.
4. What were the three effects of the bubonic plague?
Death, Loss of crops and agriculture, loss of animals, and food for humans and animals.
5. What impact did Joan of Arc have on the Hundred Years’ War?
led to the French victory over Orleans and led to Charles being crowned king.
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